Air-distributing device for pneumatic forge-hammers.



PATENTED JULY 18, 1905.

G. F. W A. OETLING.

AIR DISTRIBUTING DEVICE FOR PNEUMATIC FORGE HAMMERS.

I APPLICATION IILBD AUG. 23,1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Flamzgaf/l/ lllll/ ANDREW a mum m4 mrmmmmnm W/uuncmmmc No. 795,003. PATENTED JULY 18, 1905. G. I. W. A. OETLING.

AIR DISTRIBUTING DEVICE FOR PNEUMATIC FORGE HAlIlIIlIlIERS.

- AYPLIOATIOH FILED AUG.28,1903.

FIQS- 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

4a I WM C 3% m! c ANDREW a. mum" m rlmoumor-l mm vumacwkn UNITED STATES Patented July 18, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

AIR-DISTRIBUTING DEVICE FOR PNEUMATIC FORGE-HAMMERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 795,003, dated July 18, 1905.

Application filed August 28, 1903. Serial No. 171,039.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL FRInDRIcII TIL- HELM ALEXANDER OE'ILING, a subject of the King of Saxony, residing at Strehla-on the- Elbe, in the Kingdom of Saxony and Empire of Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Air-Distributing Devices for Pneumatic Forge-Hammers, Stamps, Pounding-Mills, and the Like, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to-an air-distributing device designed for pneumatic forge hammers, stamps, pounding-mills, and the like; and the object thereof is to provide means for automatically regulating the quantity of air fed to the cylinder or piston-chamber and for actuating the valve by the compression of the air behind the piston upon the reverse or return movement of the piston, as well as using the air so compressed to assist in the next forward movement of the piston.

To such ends my invention consists in substance of a cylinder, a piston reciprocating in the cylinder, a feed and exhaust passage, a valve having a central air-passage and a differential annular pressure-surfaced flange exterior to the central valve-stem, an air-passage leading to the valve-chamber to a point a short distance below the rear end of the cylinder, the port of which will be uncovered by the piston when in the extreme outward position, an outlet-port in communication with the valve-chamber between the pressure-flange of the valve and the piston-chamber, an adjustable spring-pressure outlet relief-valve in communication with the valvechamber at the top adapted 'to be put out of communication with such valve-chamber on the outward movement of the valve, a springpressure relief-valve in direct communication with the rear end of the cylinder, an adjustable lock stop-cock closing the outer end of the passage of the last-mentioned valve, and

an air-passage forming a communication between the valve-chamber and the outer end of the cylinder, the port of which is uncovered by the rearwardrnovemcnt of the valve, although it is not to be understood that the device is limited to a mechanism comprising I at once all the several devices and parts, as

my invention consists in the particular construction of certain devices and parts and the construction and arrangement of certain devices and parts and the particular combination and arrangement of certain devices and parts, all as hereinafter more particularly set forth in the description of the specification and more fully pointed out in the claims.

This improved distributing-gear is so constructed that the air compressed in the upper part of the cylinder by the rising piston is employed for reversing the motion of the slide-valve, the air after having been used for the reversal being allowed to escape into the atmosphere through an adjustable valve. After reversing the movement of the piston the compressed air above this piston serves, further, for forcing down the hammer, being aided by the compressed air used for the working and admitted through a return-valve.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown, by way of example, a preferred constructional form of the improved distributing device.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the axis of the cylinder and the distributing device. Fig. 2 shows part of this device, the

slide-valve occupying another position. Fig. 3 is a view in central longitudinal section of the forward or outer end of the device, the rear end of which is shown in Fig. 1.

In carrying this invention into practice I provide at the upper end of the cylinder a, wherein the piston b, furnished at its lower end with a block or weight, (not represented,) is arranged, the valve-casing c, in which a valve cl is adapted to be moved up and down. This valve constitutes a hollow differential slide-valve, having at its outer periphery an annular wall 6, at the edge of which a flange f is provided, serving to cover and uncover the port g, Fig. 2.

According to its position the widened lower end of the slide-valve cl closes the two ports h and a, which are connected by the port j and pipe Zr: with the lower end of the cylinder. Thus the port It may connect the lower end of the cylinder with the escape Z when the 6o of the cylinder through the port t' is shut off.

slide-valve aZ is in its lower position, Fig. 1, while in the upper position of the slide-valve, Fig. 2, the port a admits the compressed air to the lower end of the cylinder in order to lift the piston with its block.

The port g communicates, through the port in and the wall of the cylinder and through which, according to the position of the piston, the air passes either above or below the latter.

Two parts 19 and q terminate in the upper end of the cylinder, the port p being set in communication with the port 8 by a valve r, submitted to the action of a spring, so that the compressed air may enter the cylinder through the port 1), butcannot pass in the opposite direction. The passage of compressed air into the port .9 is regulated by the upper end of the slide-valve (Z. The other port 9, opening into the upper end of the cylinder,

, communicates, through the port t, with the widened part a of the valve-chamber above the annular wall 0, a return-valve 4;, opening toward the widened part a of the said chamber, being provided in the port 9. Moreover, the port If, and thus also the widened part a of the valve-chamber above the annular wall a, is set in communication with the atmosphere through an adjustable valve w.

Supposing the piston 6, together with its block and the slide-valve (Z, to occupy their lowest position, the hammer being at rest, if now the compressed air is admitted through the main stop-valve for the same to the distributing chamber the slide valve, whose outer periphery is subjected only to the atmospheric pressure, is forced upward, the lower surface being larger than the upper surface. The port 8 is shut off and the port 2' is uncovered, so that the compressed air passes through the ports z' and pipe 76 to the under side of the piston. The compressed air, which may enter the upper part of the cylinder through the portss and 1), passes through the opening 0, pipe 12, ports 12?, g, and Z to the outside, this way being also taken by the air displaced by the rising piston as long as the upper part of the piston has not closed the opening 0. When this has taken place, however, the air above the piston is compressed and passes through the ports 9 and a into the widened part it of the valvechamber above the annular wall e. If then in consequence of the increased compression in the cylinder above the piston the pressure upon the larger surface of the wall 6 as compared with the pressure upon the lower surface of the slide-valve becomes greater, it will force the slide-valve downward, so that the admission of compressed air to the lower end Through this movement of the slide-valve the port it is uncovered and set in communication with the port Z, leading to the escape.

pipe at, with an opening 0, provided in The air below the piston may leave by way of Zcj it Z or such of it as had not left through the opening 0, passed by the piston in its upward movement by way of n m 9 Z before the slide-valve had reached its lowest position. In this position the slide-valve has uncovered the port 8 for the admission of fresh compressed air through the port 3) to the upper end of the cylinder; but the action of the same commences only when the air contained in the upper part of the cylinder and compressed by the piston in its previous upward movement has descended in consequence of its eX- pansion below the working pressure as the piston moves down again. It is only then that fresh compressed air can pass over through the valx e 7" to the port .9 p, and thus to the cylinder. Owing to the arrangement of the valve 0 none of the air compressed by the rising piston passes into the admissionpipe. Moreover, the air compressed by the rising piston is used again for forcing the piston downward. Therefore the consumption of'fresh compressed air by the hammer is very small. When in its upward movement the hammer has used up its energy, it first moves downward again under the action of the air it has compressed; but meanwhile the air forced into the widened part it of the valve-chamber has time to escape through the valve w into the atmosphere, so that ultimately the pressure above the annular wall 6 has been reduced to such an extent that the slide-valve will move upward again under the action of the pressure upon its larger under surface, thereby causing the movement of the piston to be repeated once more.

It is evident that the quicker the air can escape from the widened part it of the valvechamber through the valve or: the quicker will be the reversal of the movement of the hammer. To this is due the extremely accurate regulation, the hammer being raised again before completingits stroke. Thus by regulating the outlet of air through the valve 20 I may'control the movement of the hammer. The valve 7, arranged in the air-admission port 811, is likewise adjustable, so that the more play it has the sooner compressed air will pass through the openings 3) and q to the chamber a and hold the slide-valve in its lower position. By this means I obtain the so-called set blows, wherein the hammer rests momentarily upon the work instead of rebounding.

The more the working pressure is reduced by the closing of the main valve the slighter will be the compression above the piston Z and the more rapid will be the reversal.

It should be observed that in the downward movement of the piston the compressed air above this piston as soon as the upper part of the same has uncovered the opening 0 fills the pipen and ports m and g, which are closed I capes only by the flange f of the slide-valve as long. as the latter occupies its lowest position, and esafter the motion ofthe slide-valve has been reversed. Owing to this arrangement, the action of the compressed air above the hammer will be continued longer than heretofore. I

The particular construction of the outer or lower end of the cylinder shown in Fig. 3 may be of many different forms; but I prefer to use that shown in such Fig. 3, but do not desire to limit myself specifically thereto.

What Iclaim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a device of the class described, a cylinder having an opening or port in its wall a short distance from the rear end, a piston re-' ciprocating in the cylinder, a valve-chamber communicating with the opening or port, a slide-valve having a flanged annular wall sliding in the valve-chamber, the construction being such that the air above as well as below the piston escapes through the opening or port in the cylinder-wall when the piston is at either end of the cylinder, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

2. In a device of the class described, a cylinder having an opening or port in its wall a short distance from the rear end, a piston in the cylinder, a valve-chamber communicating with the openingor port and havinga widened part, a slide-valve having a flanged annular wall fitted to slide in the widened part of the valve chamber, two ports connecting this valve-chamber with the end of the cylinder above the piston, one of these ports serving for the admission and the other port serving for the reversal and setting the said end of the cylinder in communication with the widened part of the valve-chamber, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

3. In a device of the class described, a cylinder having an opening or port in its wall a short distance from the rear end, a piston in the cylinder, a valve-chamber communicating with the said opening or port and having a widened part, a slide-valve having a flanged annular wall fitted to slide in the widened part of the valve-chamber and serving to control the communication with the said opening or port, two ports connecting this valve-chamber with the end of the cylinder above the piston, an adjustable return-valve provided in one of these ports and arranged to open so as only to admit air to the cylinder, the other port serving for the reversal and setting the said end of the cylinder in communication with the said widened part of the valve-chamber, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

4:. In a device of the class described, a cylinder having an opening or port in its wall, a piston in the cylinder, a valve-chamber communicating with the said opening and having a widened part, a slide-valve having a flange annular wall fitted to slide in the widened part of the valve-chamber and serving to control the communication with the said opening, two ports connecting this valve-chamber with the end of the cylinder above the piston, one of these ports serving for the admission, and the other port serving for the reversal and setting the said end of the cylinder in communication with the said widened part of the valve-chamber, an adjustable return-valve in the admission-port, a valve in the second port serving for the reversal, and an adjustable valve for connecting the said widened part of the valvechamber with the atmosphere, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

5. In a device of the class described, a cylinder, a piston reciprocating in the cylinder, an inlet-passage, an exhaust-passage, a valve having a central air-passage and a differential annular pressure-surface flange exterior to the central valve-stem, and air-passage, leading to the valve-chamber to a point a short distance below the rear end of the cylinder the port of which will be uncovered by the piston when in the extreme outward position, an outlet-port in communication with the valve-chamber between the pressure-flange of the valve and the piston-chamber, an adjustable spring-pressure relief-valve in communication with the valve-chamber at the top adapted to be put out of communication with such valve-chamber on the outward movement of the valve, a spring-pressure reliefvalve in direct communication with the rear end of the cylinder, an adjustable lock stopcock closing the outer end of the passage of the last-mentioned valve, and an air-passage forming a communication between the valve-chamber and the outer end of the cylinder the port of which is uncovered by the rearward movement of the valve. 7

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CARI FRIEDR. WILHELM ALEXANDER OETLING.

Witnesses:

RUDOLPH FRioKn, P. V. V. DUNN. 

